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About The D-Calcium Pantothenate

Overview

Calcium pantothenate, also known as vitamin B5, is an important water-soluble vitamin supplement that plays a key role in human physiological activities and multiple application fields. The following is a detailed introduction for you:

I. Basic information

Chemical structure and properties:

The chemical structure of calcium pantothenate is relatively complex. It is the calcium salt form of pantothenic acid. The chemical name of pantothenic acid is (R)-(+)-N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyryl)-β-alanine, and its chemical formula is , while calcium pantothenate is a salt formed by the combination of pantothenic acid and calcium. It usually has two forms: D-calcium pantothenate (D-calcium pantothenate) and racemic calcium pantothenate (DL-calcium pantothenate). The most common one is D-calcium pantothenate, with a chemical formula of , and a molecular weight of about 476.54.

It appears as a white powder, odorless, slightly bitter, and hygroscopic, that is, it easily absorbs moisture in the air. Its solubility characteristics are that it is easily soluble in water and can also be dissolved in glycerol, but is almost insoluble in ethanol, chloroform or ether.

2. Physiological function

Participate in energy metabolism:

After a series of metabolic transformations in the body, calcium pantothenate will participate in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA). Coenzyme A is a key coenzyme in many metabolic reactions in cells and is involved in the metabolic process of almost all nutrients (including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc.).

For example, in the tricarboxylic acid cycle of sugar metabolism, coenzyme A can help acetyl coenzyme A enter the cycle, so that sugar substances can be smoothly oxidized and decomposed to release energy; in the catabolism of fat, it can assist in the activation of fatty acids, allowing fatty acids to be gradually oxidized into carbon dioxide and water, and also produce energy that can be used by the body; in protein metabolism, it participates in the decomposition of amino acids and subsequent metabolic transformations, ensuring that the body efficiently obtains energy from food and performs other metabolic activities such as material synthesis.

Participate in the synthesis of important substances:

In addition to participating in energy metabolism, calcium pantothenate is also an important raw material for the synthesis of acyl carrier protein (ACP). Acyl carrier protein plays an indispensable role in the process of fatty acid synthesis. It is like a “porter” that carries the growing carbon chain in the process of fatty acid synthesis, ensuring that fatty acids can be synthesized step by step according to the correct steps, and finally generating various fatty acids required by the body, which are then used to synthesize phospholipids and other biomembrane components and fat reserves.

Maintaining skin and mucous membrane health:

Calcium pantothenate has a positive effect on maintaining the normal physiological structure and function of the skin and mucous membrane. It helps to maintain the moisture of the skin, enhance the barrier function of the skin, make the skin soft, smooth and elastic, and reduce problems such as dryness and roughness of the skin.

In terms of mucous membranes, it can maintain the integrity of the mucous membranes in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and other parts, help prevent the occurrence of mucosal-related diseases such as oral ulcers and gastritis, promote the repair and healing of damaged mucous membranes, and ensure the normal physiological functions of these parts, such as the digestion and absorption function of the gastrointestinal tract.

3. Food sources

Animal foods:

Calcium pantothenate is abundant in animal foods. For example, liver is a good source, with about 6 mg of pantothenic acid in every 100 grams of pork liver. Meat such as chicken and beef also contain a lot of calcium pantothenate, with about 1 mg of calcium pantothenate in every 100 grams of chicken and about 0.6 mg in every 100 grams of beef. In addition, there is also a certain amount of calcium pantothenate in milk and its products, with about 0.3 mg in every 100 grams of milk.

Plant-based foods: Whole grain foods are rich in calcium pantothenate, for example, oatmeal contains about 1 mg of calcium pantothenate per 100 g; beans, such as soybeans, contain about 0.7 mg of calcium pantothenate per 100 g; nuts, such as peanuts, contain about 2 mg of calcium pantothenate per 100 g; although the content of green leafy vegetables is relatively low per serving, the daily consumption is large and it is also an important source, for example, spinach contains about 0.2 mg of calcium pantothenate per 100 g.

4. Human needs and excessive risks

Suitable intake: Different groups of people have different needs for calcium pantothenate. For adults, according to the Chinese Residents’ Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake Standard, the recommended daily intake is generally about 5 mg.

Among special populations, pregnant women and lactating women have a relatively higher recommended intake of about 6 mg per day due to the increased nutritional needs of themselves and their fetuses or infants; children and adolescents have intakes ranging from 2 mg to 5 mg according to their age, and the younger they are, the less they need to take.

Overdose hazards:

Usually, when calcium pantothenate is used in a normal diet and in regular supplementary doses, overdose rarely occurs, because the human body has a good tolerance to it, and the excess is mostly excreted from the body with urine.

However, if taken in large amounts over a long period of time, it may cause some mild gastrointestinal discomfort, such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms, and occasionally it may cause skin itching, but in general, serious adverse reactions to overdose are relatively rare.

5. Application fields

Medical field:

It is mainly used to prevent and treat pantothenic acid deficiency. Although simple pantothenic acid deficiency is not very common in daily life, it may occur in some special cases, such as long-term malnutrition and people with certain malabsorption syndromes. At this time, supplementing with calcium pantothenate can help improve the corresponding deficiency symptoms, such as skin inflammation, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and nervous system abnormalities.

In addition, some multivitamin preparations often contain calcium pantothenate ingredients to meet the needs of comprehensive supplementation of multiple vitamins and assist in maintaining the overall health of the human body.

Food and health care products:

In the food industry, calcium pantothenate can be added to various foods as a nutritional enhancer, such as infant formula, fortified cereal foods, etc., to ensure that these foods can provide enough calcium pantothenate to meet the nutritional needs of different groups of people, especially those who may not be able to get enough calcium pantothenate from their daily diet.

In the health care product market, there are also many products for the purpose of supplementing calcium pantothenate. Some people choose to take such health care products to supplement calcium pantothenate based on their own unbalanced diet structure or the desire to further enhance health protection, so as to promote physical health and the good condition of skin and mucous membranes.

Cosmetics:

Based on its beneficial effects on skin health, calcium pantothenate is sometimes used in cosmetics and used in the formulation of skin care products. For example, calcium pantothenate is added to some moisturizing creams, repair lotions and other products, hoping to improve the texture and appearance of the skin and enhance the overall health of the skin through its functions of maintaining skin moisture and promoting skin barrier repair.

In short, calcium pantothenate plays an important role in many fields such as human health, food, medicine and cosmetics. Understanding its relevant knowledge will help us pay more attention to our own nutritional status, eat a reasonable diet and choose related products correctly.